So the New Year holidays have ended. Many of them are designed to simplify the passage of some bureaucratic procedures for citizens, increase their monthly income or protect them from fraudsters.
Introducing the top 10 most important legislative innovations in force from January 1, 2019.
10. The increase in the minimum wage
The minimum wage is determined by the Ministry of Labor. An employer cannot assign an employee a salary less than this indicator. This figure may vary by region. Benefits during childbirth, sick leave and other types of social payments depend on the value of the minimum wage.
Starting January 1, 2019, the minimum wage will be 11.275 rubles.
9. Law on gardeners and gardeners
From January 2019, the law will come into force, which will affect the owners of summer cottages. Now the concepts of “gardener” and “gardener” are clearly indicated. At the moment, the citizens of our country will have the opportunity to independently decide which meeting to join. The distinction between garden and garden plots is quite specific. Now, on the land territories of the 1st type, both capital construction objects and outbuildings can be erected. Regarding these objects, it will be possible to formalize ownership, however, in this case, the tax deduction for such property will be higher.
8. Reform of the shared construction system
The main legislative innovation in 2019 will be the termination of construction investment by the so-called equity holders.
Back in 2017, the president criticized the principles of shared construction. He called them “not civilized”, but the regulation system of this sphere - “slurred”. Vladimir Putin drew the attention of members of the government to the need to completely abandon this type of purchase of housing by 2019. He emphasized that it was important not only to protect the interests of citizens and ensure their rights, but also not to slow down the pace of construction. As a result, the president instructed the Cabinet of Ministers to develop a “roadmap” for switching to financing the construction of residential properties by other forms, rather than by means of so-called equity holders.
Criticism of the head of state is understandable. Indeed, according to the Prosecutor General’s Office, the number of deceived equity holders who lost their funds as a result of the illegal activities of developers exceeded 40 thousand.
Now, the money of home buyers will be saved in special bank accounts. These funds will be insured for up to 10 million rubles, so if the developer declares bankruptcy, the buyer will not lose his money. Thus, the concept of “deceived equity holder” will soon sink into oblivion.
7. New system for calculating fees for garbage collection
Until 2019, the fee for garbage collection was automatically included in the total cost of the housing maintenance tariff. Currently, this service will become a separate point of utility payments. Also, the tariffs themselves and the mechanism for their approval will undergo changes. Previously, local governments, management companies, and even the owners themselves could set the price for garbage collection, but from January this year, regional operators for waste management will approve the tariff for this service at a meeting of the tariff commission.
In addition, the pricing procedure for payment for garbage collection has changed. If earlier it was counted depending on the total area of the apartment, then at the moment the fee will be charged in accordance with how many people live in the apartment.
Since 2019, experts have predicted an increase in the price of garbage removal by an average of 12%.
6. Innovations in the tax sphere
Also, innovations affected the tax service. In addition to some amendments and clarifications, in January 2019, a law relating to the so-called self-employed citizens entered into force. In the territory of a number of constituent entities of the Russian Federation, this category of workers will be taxed on income. The amount of deductions will be 3% or 6%. This indicator depends on who the service will be provided to. In addition, now it will be possible to pay taxes using the electronic application installed on the smartphone.
5. Duration of maternity leave
At the moment, young mothers have the opportunity to go on maternity leave for three years. Moreover, the monthly payments accrued at the birth of the first child cannot be less than the cost of living in a particular subject of the Russian Federation.
4. Empowering maternal capital
The government is discussing the topic of expanding areas where it is possible to master maternity capital funds. For example, the issue of the possibility of acquiring a vehicle with this money is being considered.
3. The new laws of the traffic police
The traffic police innovations that came into force on January 1, 2019: the transport fee was replaced by an ecological one, the appearance of a QR code in OSAGO policies, the introduction of new road signs, markings and terms, and increased excise taxes on fuel.
2. Innovations in the social sphere
In 2019, the minimum and maximum amount of benefits paid monthly to non-working citizens will amount to 1.5 thousand rubles. and 8 thousand, respectively. Also, from January 1, rehabilitation of persons with disabilities will be carried out by organizations that have undergone special accreditation.
1. Changes to the fishing law
In January 2019, a law came into force governing the rules for fishing. At the moment, a partial ban on fishing in water is envisaged. In this case, each subject of the Russian Federation will independently determine what type of fish can be caught in a particular reservoir. The total catch for the western regions should not exceed 5 kg, and for the eastern - 30 kg.
Even at the stage of the bill, this initiative was widely discussed in society. At all stages of consideration and adoption, significant changes were introduced in it, aimed at making the catch of fish free again.